Antibacterial and phytochemical evaluations of Garcinia orthoclada Baker

Garcinia orthoclada Baker is a medicinal plant endemic to Madagascar. Antibacterial study of this species revealed that the ethyl acetate-soluble and butanol-soluble parts of the crude ethanolic extract from small branches of G. orthoclada were active against the five Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria Bacillus cereus, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella enterica Subsp., Shigella flexneri and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, using disc diffusion method at the concentration of 1 mg/disc. The bioactive ethyl acetate-soluble extract was phytochemically investigated by a combination of open column chromatography and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) technique, which led to the identification of seventeen known compounds, consisted of nine triterpenoids, five monoalkenes, one cycloalkane, one fatty acid methyl ester and one phenol. Some of the compounds identified have been reported to exhibit antibacterial activity. The present study demonstrates the potentials of G. orthoclada as a source of antibacterial agents.