Effects of orthokeratology lenses and frame glasses on anisometropia in primary and middle school students with low myopia in one eye

Objective To investigate the effects of orthokeratology lenses and frame glasses on anisometropia in children with low myopia in one eye. Methods Between January 2017 and January 2018, 120 children of primary and secondary school age with myopic anisometropia low myopia in one eye presenting to the Second People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province were selected as research objects, with average refractive error of (–1.00, –2.50) D in one eye and (–0.50, 0.50) D in another eye. Participants were divided into an experimental group and a control group (60 cases per group), according to a random number grouping method. The control group were given frame glasses, while the experimental group were given orthokeratology lenses. A prospective study was conducted to compare and analyze the lengths of the posterior eye axis (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE), measured at different time intervals between the two groups. Results There were some initial differences in AL and SE between the two groups before the experiment began; however, this difference was not statistically significant ( P >0.05). After 12 months, participants myopic eyes given the orthokeratology lenses had shorter AL [(24.91±0.11) mm] compared to the control group [(25.02±0.09) mm], participants health eyes had longer AL [(24.58±0.24) mm] compared to the control group [(24.20±0.13) mm]. One month after the subjects stopped wearing plastic mirrors, participants myopic eyes had higher SE [(–2.22±0.78) D] compared to the control group [(–2.64土 0.21) D], and had lower that in the control group [(–0.96±0.84) (–0.37±0.54) D] ( t = 4.02, –4.58, P 0.05);配戴12个月后, 试验组戴镜眼AL[(24.91±0.11)mm]较对照组 [(25.02±0.09)mm]短, 对侧眼AL [(24.58±0.24) mm]较对照组[(24.20±0.13) mm]长。停戴塑形镜1月后, 试验组戴镜眼 SE[(–2.22±0.78)D]较对照组[(–2.64±0.21)D]高, 对侧眼 SE [(–0.96±0.84)D]较对照组[(–0.37±0.54) D]低, 差异均有 统计学意义（ t 值分别为4.02, –4.58, P 值均<0.05)。 结论 与佩戴框架镜相比, 配戴角膜塑形镜可有效抑制单眼近视患儿 患眼AL延长、控制患眼近视进展, 促进对侧健眼眼轴延长及屈光度增加, 降低屈光参差值, 在一定程度上解决双眼视轴发 育不平衡的问题, 促进双眼协调发展。