Intrinsic parameters of periodic waves observed in the OI6300 airglow layer over the Brazilian equatorial region

Periodic waves were observed in the OI6300 airglow images over Sao Joao do Cariri (36.5° W, 7.4° S) from 2012 to 2014 with simultaneous observations of the thermospheric wind using two Fabry–Perot interferometers (FPIs). The FPIs measurements were carried out at Sao Joao do Cariri and Cajazeiras (38.5° W, 6.9° S). The observed spectral characteristics of these waves (period and wavelength) as well the propagation direction were estimated using two-dimensional Fourier analysis in the airglow images. The horizontal thermospheric wind was calculated from the Doppler shift of the OI6300 data extracted from interference fringes registered by the FPIs. Combining these two techniques, the intrinsic parameters of the periodic waves were estimated and analyzed. The spectral parameters of the periodic waves were quite similar to the previous observations at Sao Joao do Cariri. The intrinsic periods for most of the waves were shorter than the observed periods, as a consequence, the intrinsic phase speeds were faster compared to the observed phase speeds. As a consequence, these waves can easily propagate into the thermosphere–ionosphere since the fast gravity waves can skip turning and critical levels. The strength and direction of the wind vector in the thermosphere must be the main cause for the observed anisotropy in the propagation direction of the periodic waves, even if the sources of these waves are assumed to be isotropic.