Epidemiology, incidence, and mortality of gallbladder cancer and its relation with development in the world

Introduction: Gallbladder cancer is the sixth gastrointestinal cancer and one of the most common cancers of the biliary tract. Awareness about the incidence and mortality of this disease and its distribution in terms of geographical areas for further study and better planning is essential for prevention gallbladder. Therefore, this study was performed with the aim of determining the incidence and mortality of gallbladder cancer and its relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) in the world in 2012. Methods: The study was conducted based on data from the world data of cancer and the World Bank (including the HDI and its components). Data about the age-specific incidence and mortality rate (ASR) for every country in 2012 were getting from the global cancer project. To analyze data, correlation tests between incidence and death rates, and HDI and its components were employed with a significance level of 0.05 using SPSS software. Results: In 2012, 178101 cases of gallbladder cancer had occurred in the whole world that 76844 cases of them were men and 101257 were women (Sex Ratio = 0.75). In 2012, 142823 deaths from gallbladder cancer had occurred in worldwide that 60339 cases were men and 82484 cases were women (Sex Ratio = 0.73). A positive correlation of 0.402 was seen between gallbladder cancer standardized incidence rate and the HDI that this correlation was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Also, a positive correlation of 0.261 was seen between the standardized mortality rate of gallbladder cancer and the HDI that this association was statistically significant (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Countries with high incidence of gall bladder carcinoma have higher mortality rates too. A significant correlation was seen between the standardized incidence and mortality rate of gallbladder cancer and the HDI and its dimensions (life expectancy at birth, average education). Further studies about the causes of this disease can be useful.