Accumulation of cytoplasmic Cdk1 is associated with cancer growth and survival rate in epithelial ovarian cancer
2016
// Wookyeom Yang 1, 2, * , Hanbyoul Cho 1, 2, * , Ha-Yeon Shin 1, 2 , Joon-Yong Chung 3 , Eun Suk Kang 4 , Eun-ju Lee 1, 2 , Jae-Hoon Kim 1, 2 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2 Institute of Women’s Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 3 Tissue Array Research Program, Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA 4 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea * These authors contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Jae-Hoon Kim, email: jaehoonkim@yuhs.ac Keywords: Cdk1, cytoplasmic accumulation, epithelial ovarian cancer, RO-3306 Received: October 05, 2015 Accepted: June 16, 2016 Published: July 01, 2016 ABSTRACT Cyclin dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1) have previously reported correlation with cancer growth and a key regulator for cell cycle. Mostly, Cdk1’s function of nucleus for cell cycle is well known to be associated with cancer, but cytoplasmic Cdk1’s traits are not clearly identified, yet. We revealed that tissue microarray blocks of epithelial ovarian cancer ( n = 249) showed increased level of cytoplasmic Cdk1 ( p < 0.001), but not in nucleus ( p = 0.192) of histologic cell type independently. On survival analysis, Cdk1 overexpression conferred a significantly worse prognosis in 5-year overall survival (Log-rank p = 0.028, Hazard ratio = 2.016, 95% CI = 1.097 to 4.635). Also, the expression of Cdk1 was increased in ovarian cancer cell lines and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets. When the expression and activity of Cdk1 were inhibited by si-Cdk1 or RO-3306 which is a potent Cdk1 inhibitor, the growth of ovarian cancer was diminished. Moreover, combined treatment with RO-3306 and cisplatin in ovarian cancer significantly elevated anti-cancer effects than single-agent treatment. In conclusion, cytoplasmic Cdk1 expression which was elevated in ovarian cancer predicts a poor overall survival. The inhibition of Cdk1 expression and activity reduced ovarian cancer growth.
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