Anatomy of Aorta, Pulmonary Artery, and Ventricles

With the development of technology for electrophysiological procedures, the importance of understanding the cardiac anatomy has increased not only for interpreting the information obtained from electroanatomical mapping of the heart but also for analyzing the mechanisms of arrhythmias [1, 2]. It goes without saying that a great deal of anatomical knowledge concerning the cardiac anatomy has already been accumulated in various kinds of textbooks. These textbooks have naturally provided us with very important information regarding imaging the cardiac structures [3]. However, this anatomical knowledge does not seem sufficient for cardiologists, particularly, electrophysiologists, as it fails to provide a complete image of the cardiac structures. Electrophysiologists require not the name of these anatomical structures but practical images of the structures for use in various clinical situations.