(iii) Post-traumatic reconstruction for sequelae of fractures of the proximal humerus

Summary In spite of the development of new techniques and implants, undesirable early and late sequelae may occur after both nonoperative and operative treatment of fractures of the proximal humerus. In this review, we aim to give some clear directions on how to manage these often complex post-traumatic conditions, in an area where there is a little consensus on treatment in the literature.