Acute Disseminating Encephalomyelitis in Neuromyelitis Optica

Objective: To report the clinical and radiological features of 2 patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) associated with severe acute disseminating encephalomyelitis. The first patient had anti–aquaporin 4 antibodies (NMO-IgG) but no lesion enhancement, in contrast to the second patient who was seronegative for NMO-IgG but had clear lesion enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging. Design: Clinical, laboratory, and radiological analysis of 10 patients presenting with features compatible with an NMO-spectrum disorder, 2 of whom developed acute disseminating encephalomyelitis.