Placental exosomes as early biomarker of preeclampsia - Potential role of exosomal microRNAs across gestation.
2017
Context: There is a need to develop strategies for early prediction of patients who will develop
preeclampsia (PE) to establish preventive strategies to reduce the prevalence and severity of the
disease and their associated complications.
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether exosomes and their microRNA
cargo present in maternal circulation can be used as early biomarker for PE.
Design, Setting, Patients, and Interventions: A retrospective stratified study design was used to
quantify total exosomes and placenta-derived exosomes present in maternal plasma of normal (n =
32 per time point) and PE (n = 15 per time point) pregnancies. Exosomes present in maternal
circulation were determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis. An Illumina TruSeq® Small RNA
Library Prep Kit was used to construct a small RNA library from exosomal RNA obtained from
plasma samples.
Results: In presymptomatic women, who subsequently developed PE, the concentration of total
exosomes and placenta-derived exosomes in maternal plasma was significantly greater than those
observed in controls, throughout pregnancy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic
curves for total exosome and placenta-derived exosome concentrations were 0.745 6 0.094 and
0.829 6 0.077, respectively. In total, over 300 microRNAs were identified in exosomes across
gestation, where hsa-miR-486-1-5p and hsa-miR-486-2-5p were identified as the candidate
microRNAs.
Conclusions: Although the role of exosomes during PE remains to be fully elucidated, we suggest
that the concentration and content of exosomes may be of diagnostic utility for women at risk for
developing PE.
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