Corrección quirúrgica (principios generales y métodos)

Scoliosis is a deformity in three planes. The principles to compensate for these forces must be understood to act and achieve surgical correction of the deformity without altering the balance of the person either in the frontal plane as in the very important sagittal plane. The sagittal balance is the plumb line coming from the front of the body of C7 to the anterior border of the sacrum, with a tolerance of ± 2 cm. To achieve the correction of scoliosis, various devices are needed, with different levels of correction: Wire. It has great grip, but little or no control over compression or distraction forces. Hooks. Only take the posterior elements of the vertebral body, but they can make corrections in compression and distraction, depending on the anchor site. Screws. Can be placed through the pedicles to the vertebral body, and achieve the best correction in any plane of motion (compression, distraction, translation and desrotation). To correct the deformity of scoliosis, you should use different maneuvers: Compression. For closure and shortening should be used on the convex side of the curve, and in the back plane can achieve lordosis curves. Distraction. It helps to derotate the vertebral column, but it must be done carefully to avoid any neurological damage. Desrotation and translation. They are used to correct the rotation and translation of scoliosis. You can RESUMEN