Research and Application on Enhanced Reception Techniques Based on Distributed Antennas in Ground Station

In order to enhance navigation warfare capabilities of ground station, miniaturization and motorization is a trend. However, the demand of antenna aperture for downlink signal processing is diversity. Then contenting the diversity of antennas is a major factor that restricts the development of ground control systems. For the demand of multi-target tracking and single target enhancing, based on the characteristics of precise-time synchronization between ground stations of satellite navigation systems, an enhanced reception techniques based on distributed antenna system (DAS) is proposed with a plurality of distributed small aperture as the basic element. With the knowledge of wave direction, phase difference between the received signals is computed and compensated. Then downlink signal synthesis is realized which means larger aperture synthesizing antenna is achieved and the ability of receiving signal is enhanced. Numerical analysis shows that when the phase compensation accuracy is up to 0.2, synthesizing efficiency can reach to 75 % within the scanning range [π/18, π/2]; while a digital multi-beam antenna can only reach about 70 % at elevation angle of 30°. Distributed enhanced reception techniques, by arraying small aperture to achieve flexible combinations and configurations of beam and gain, can be applied to ground station for miniaturization and self-propelled construction and improve the multi-target tracking and controlling capability of satellite navigation and aerospace based on flexibility and low cost of small-diameter antenna.