Tissue tropism in the chicken embryo of non-virulent and virulent Newcastle diseases strains that express green fluorescence protein.

The tissue tropism of non-virulent and virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was investigated using 8-day-old and 14-day-old embryonating chicken eggs (ECE), inoculated with an infectious clone of the non-virulent La Sota strain (NDFL-GFP) or its virulent derivative (NDFLtag-GFP). Both strains expressed the gene encoding jellyfish green fluorescence protein (GFP) as a marker. The GFP was readily expressed in chicken embryo cells infected with the NDV strains indicating virus replication. Whereas both strains replicated in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and infected the skin of 8-day-old ECE, only the virulent strain (NDFLtag-GFP) spread to internal organs (pleura/peritoneum). In 14-day-old ECE, the initial target organs appeared to be the CAM and the lungs for both strains. At 48 h after inoculation, the virulent strain (NDFLtag-GFP) had also spread to the spleen and heart and was detected in a wide-range of embryonic cell types. The kinetics of virus replication and spread in the CAM closely resembl...