In-vivo Raman spectroscopy discriminates between FLG loss-of-function carriers vs. wild-type in day 1-4 neonates

Abstract Background Carriers of loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin (LoF FLG) gene have less natural moisturising factor (NMF) in their stratum corneum (SC) and an increased risk of atopic dermatitis (AD). NMF can be measured non-invasively by Raman spectroscopy. The use of Raman-derived NMF at birth to screen for FLG genotype could inform targeted AD prevention, but values in neonatal populations are largely unexplored. Objective To examine the associations between Raman-derived neonatal NMF measurements and FLG genotype. Methods NMF was measured by Raman Spectroscopy in the SC of the thenar eminence within 4 days of birth in 139 term neonates. FLG genotyping was performed for 117 neonates (84%). Results The mean (SD) NMF was 0.37 (0.11) g/g protein, with values increasing across the first three days [Day 1 vs. 3: 0.29 (0.09) vs. 0.43 (0.08, P Conclusion This study suggests that Raman-derived NMF measured in the early postnatal period may have the potential to classify by FLG genotype. The full translational value of this needs to be determined.