Impact of clinical factors on calorie and protein intakes during Icu stay in adults trauma patients: results from a prospective observational study.

Propose: Nutritional requirements are often escalated following major trauma. Underfeeding and adverse outcomes were seen in critically ill trauma patients. The aim of the study was to quantify actual amount of calories and protein intakes, and extent to which those clinical factors may affect adequate intake. Material and methods: An observational study carried out in a medical intensive care unit (ICU) of Tabriz University of medical science during April 2017 and December 2018. A total of 85 adult trauma patients with a 7 days ICU length of stay and who received Enteral nutrition (EN) were included in this study. The data on estimated and actual intake of energy and protein, severity of illness (i.e., Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and markers of nutritional status (i.e., serum albumin level and body mass index) were recorded. Results: In this study, sixty-six patients (77%) were underfed in terms of energy and 19 patients (23%) had adequate energy intake. Logistic regression showed that only GCS possibly predict energy status. For every one-unit additional decrease in GCS scores, the odds of being underfed in terms of energy were increased by 1.32 times, after controlling for other factors (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.75, P-value = 0.044). No association was observed between nutritional status and clinical outcomes. Conclusions: The definite nutritional intake did not coverage the calculated requirements during ICU stay. The current study proposed that there was an inverse association between some clinically important factors (APACHE II score, intubation time) and mean energy intake. Nutritional support was not associated with any complications.