Management of Vitreo-macular Traction and Epiretinal Membrane

Vitreo-Macular Traction (VMT) and Epiretinal Membrane (ERM) are relatively common macular diseases. Anomalous posterior vitreous detachment and vitreo–retinal adhesion results in vitreoschisis and vitreo–retinal traction. The prevalence is different in different populations according to race, ethnicity, sex, and age. Smoking, diabetes, arteriolar narrowing, and hypercholesterolemia; are known risk factors. The most consistently identified risk factor is age. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is the gold standard for diagnosis. Pars plana vitrectomy with or without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling is the current treatment option for these macular diseases. ILM removal prevents residual cellular component proliferation and decreases the risk of recurrence.