Alternative of an immersion joint

The developments in the technology and design philosophy since the first immersed tunnel was completed more than a century ago. These developments include, amongst others: the introduction of the Gina rubber gasket between elements; the division of elements into sections divided by flexible joints; various foundation methods; and the transport of elements across shallow locations and across the sea. It is emphasized that the current state of immersed tunnel technology is the result of a continuous international exchange of ideas and experiences. An alternative for an immersion joint is designed which will fulfil the requirements set by the present immersion joint for the temporary phase while performing similar or better functions. A multi criteria analysis was conducted amongst chosen design alternatives based on the potential each joint design showed towards practical applications. The selected design alternative was delineated with the use of detailed drawings. The requirements set by the present immersion joint are to be met by the new design alternative. Also, in order to gain a better insight of the working of the new design, various limit states calculations were conducted. With the help of experimental setups and a 3D modelling, the tunnel industry can have more accurate measurement of behaviour of the new design alternative. With the help of the new alternative the tunnel connection, at shallow depths, can be achieved quicker and efficiently.