Endoscopic Pancreatic Drainage Improves Exocrine Pancreatic Function in Patients With Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Double-Blind, Prospective, Randomized, Single-Center, Interventional Study.

Objectives Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency is a frequent and clinically relevant complication of pancreatic cancer probably secondary to pancreatic duct obstruction. We aimed at evaluating the impact of endoscopic pancreatic drainage on pancreatic function in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. Methods A double-blind, prospective, randomized, single-center, interventional study was designed. Patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for jaundice secondary to unresectable pancreatic cancer were randomized to biliary drainage (group A) or biliopancreatic drainage (group B). Pancreatic function was evaluated by 13C-mixed triglyceride breath test before and 2 weeks after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Breath test result is expressed as 13C-cumulative recovery rate. Abdominal symptoms and nutritional markers were evaluated as secondary outcomes. Results Twenty patients were included. Sixteen patients had exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and 13 completed the study (7 in group A and 6 in group B). The median absolute improvement of 13C-cumulative recovery rate was of 23.75% (interquartile range, 9.62-31.74) after biliopancreatic drainage compared with -1.92% (interquartile range, -4.17 to 13.92) after biliary drainage (P = 0.015). Nutritional markers improved after biliopancreatic drainage, but not after biliary drainage. Conclusions Biliopancreatic and not biliary endoscopic drainage is associated with a significant improvement of exocrine pancreatic function in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer.