Recent development on plant virus movement and movement protein

Plant viruses are major constraint in crop production and production and leading to severe economic losses. These losses mainly due poor growth and development of the plant after hijacking plant defense system by virus. Viruses are entering into the host cell through wound that cause by mechanically or insect. The movement of virus’s starts from infected cell to healthy cell through plasmodesmata. The majority of viruses encode special types of proteins for their replication, movement and packaging of virion particle. Among them movement protein (MP), which is responsible for viral movement to neighboring cells after increasing the size exclusion limit of plasmodesmata by interacting with callose deposits. Short-distance movement is promoted by the interactions of MP and/or coat protein (CP) with the host cellular cytoskeleton, which directs targeting of viral particles to the plasmodesmata. In this review; we mainly focused on the movement aspects of the different plant viruses and its recent development. To counteract the viral movement is important for agriculture by using vector engineering or recombinant products.