Laser surface multilevel self-assembly of CaP–TiO2 particles

Laser surface engineering of calcium phosphate coatings on Ti alloy is carried out in the present work. Using a continuous wave neodymium doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser, hierarchically textured multiphase coatings were engineered at multiple processing speeds. The evolution and enclosure of star shaped CaTiO3 particles inside a calcium phosphate and TiO2 rich circularly assembled cuboid particles was characteristic of higher laser processing speeds (>2000 mm/min). Self-assembly strongly dictated by thermochemical interactions resulted in creating such multiscale and multiphase textured surfaces.