Human papilloma virus testing in the field of cervical cancer screening in JapanHiroko Kuroki

data were processed using SPSS 17.0. The relationship between energy density and cost of products selected was examined in Peason’s correlation test. Results The total costs of 11 products selected were 8.5% higher in relation to WM selection. The more energy fat spreads, cold cuts, ready meals, prepared salads, cheeses, breads, cookies, salad dressings, juices and soft drinks provided the less they cost. Only yoghurts correlated with less energy with low cost (r = 0.442, p = 0.000). Conclusions In this observational study, generally energy-dense products offer a high-cost products option to a consumer. It is essential to study changes in consumer behavior as price changes occur. Real-life interventions are required to address the observed inequalities in relation to the costs of foods and their energy density, particularly as they associate with weight management and health. Moderating prices on healthful foods is a public health policy that should be realized through policy initiatives and industry collaborations. Key messages Energy-dense products offer a high-cost products’ option to a consumer. Moderating prices on healthful foods is a public health policy that should be realized.