Foot structure and knee joint kinetics during walking with and without wedged footwear insoles

Abstract The relationship between static foot structure characteristics and knee joint biomechanics during walking, or the biomechanical response to wedged insoles are currently unknown. In this study, 3D foot scanning, dual X-ray absorptiometry and gait analysis methods were used to determine structural parameters of the foot and assess their relation to knee joint loading and biomechanical response to wedged insoles in 30 patients with knee osteoarthritis. In multiple linear regression models, foot fat content, height of the medial longitudinal arch and static hind foot angle were not associated with the magnitude of the knee adduction moment ( R 2  = 0.24, p  = 0.060), knee adduction angular impulse ( R 2  = 0.21, p  = 0.099) or 3D resultant knee moment ( R 2  = 0.23, p  = 0.073) during gait. Furthermore, these foot structure parameters were not associated with the patients’ biomechanical response to medial or lateral wedge footwear insoles (all p