Brain–Gut Axis and Neural Control

This article outlines the role of brain–gut axis (BGA) in control of food intake and the protection of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Food intake depends upon various influences from the central nervous system as well as from the body fat stores that express leptin, which is involved together with insulin in long-term regulation of food intake. The protection of GIT against various irritants results from the activation of local protective mechanisms that also accelerate healing processes. This article includes the description of anatomical basis of the BGA, its functional role in feeding behavior, and the protection of the GIT against damage.