“Rework Program” in Japan: Innovative high-level rehabilitation

Introduction: The aim of this paper is to report on the Rework Program, a type of high-level rehabilitation program developed in Japan, and on Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy for Rework (CBGTR), which was also developed in Japan. Methods: With regard to the Rework Program, we first discuss conceptual issues, including the need for the Rework Program, rework identity, destigmatization as a desired outcome, and the perceived significance of the Rework Program. Its purpose, historical background, framework, criteria for participation, staffing, program categories, and assessment issues are then described. With regard to CBGTR, this paper describes its purpose, historical background, structure, staffing, content, shared themes, and group advantages. Results: As of 30 June 2010, 81 facilities in Japan offer the Rework Program; 55 of these facilities also provide CBGTR. Discussion: In Japan, the Rework Program and CBGTR are established practices. Systematic program standardization and effectiveness studies are currently being performed. These innovations in Japan may provide insight and ideas to colleagues in other regions.