Preparation method and application of atypical fluorescent material succinimide derivative

The invention provides an atypical fluorescent succinimide derivative, as well as a preparation method and an application of the derivative. The derivative is sulfur/nitrogen succinimide; further, sulfur/nitrogen succinimide is particularly 2-sulfur maleimide, 2,3-dithio-succinimide and 2-nitrogen succinimide; the succinimide derivative can be widely used for the field of protein labeling, bacterium detection, heavy metal ion screening and the like.