Emerging 2D-Nanostructured materials for electrochemical and sensing Application-A review

Abstract The discovery of novel 2D-monoelemental materials with extraordinary physical, mechanical, thermal, optical and electronic properties has predicted many potential applications in various areas of technology based on the grounds of advanced sciences. The monoelemental two dimensional (2D) materials arouse a tremendous attention in different areas of science due to their unique properties and extensive applications. The 2D nanomaterials like Borophene and Bismuthene have emerged as effective nanomaterials due to their unique properties including large surface area, structural anisotropy, tunable band gap, and high carrier mobility. They are attracting increasing research interest in electronics, optoelectronics, and catalysis and also in energy storage and energy conversion applications. These materials are massively studied under theoretical approaches but many of its physical characteristics have still to be analyzed experimentally. This review article gives a detail theoretical and experimental information about the 2D-nanostructured Borophene and Bismuthene materials including their synthesis techniques, properties and also analyzed their advantages and disadvantages over each other. Further we performed an overview of the status of Borophene and Bismuthene in electrochemical and sensing applications including batteries, sensors, catalysis, and gas storage devices. Furthermore, we present our insight into the challenges, future perspective and opportunities, which would hopefully shed light on the great potential of this ever-expanding field. The nanomaterials like borophene and bismuthene have emerged as effective alternatives to graphene with excellent electrochemical properties finding potential applications in detecting and sensing devices. It is established that Borophene and Bismuthene find a large area of applications in developing conductors for electric and thermal appliances. Borophene has demonstrated incredible flexibility and high structural anisotropy and it is a material massively studied by theoretical approaches. However, many of its physical characteristics have still to be realized experimentally. In this review, we present a brief survey on preparation methods of 2D-nanostructured materials Borophene and Bismuthene. Also, an overview of the applications’ status of Borophene in electrochemical area, batteries, sensors, and catalysis and gas storage devices is covered along with an assessment on 2D-nanostructured Bismuthene being an extremely efficient electrocatalyst. It is described that Bismuthene shows a modest cyclability for Li-ion batteries, Na-ion batteries and K-ion batteries. Bismuthene is typically obtained through a low-cost liquid exfoliation synthesis method, for batteries and other energy conversion devices. In the synthesis of 2D-nanomaterials, the removal of dissolved chemicals from the reaction solutions and improving the device efficiency are still challenging. Herein, electrochemical and sensing applications of 2D-nanostructured materials, along with the advantages and disadvantages are comprehensively reviewed.