A comparison of clinical characteristics in elderly patients with ulcerative colitis and ischemic colitis

To analyze the discrepancy and similarities of clinical characteristics in elderly patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and ischemic colitis (IC).A total of 43 elderly patients (age≥60 yrs) with UC and 36 elderly patients with IC were enrolled from 2004 to 2015 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the two groups.Compared with IC group, the disease course was longer with lower incidence of cardiovascular comorbidities in UC patients (P<0.05). In UC group, more patients presented with diarrhea, mucopurulent bloody stool [39(90.7%) vs 16(44.4%) and 34(79.1%) vs 2(5.6%) respectively, both P<0.01]. Yet bloody stool as the only symptom was seen in more IC patients than UC patients [61.1%(22/36) vs 7.0%(3/43), P<0.01]. The ratio of extra-intestinal manifestations was higher [18.6%(8/43) vs 0(0/36)] in UC patients, while complications were lower [11.6%(5/43) vs 30.6%(11/36), P<0.05]. As to the laboratory parameters, median platelet count [(294.38±104.83)×10(9)/L vs (235.47±94.82)×10(9)/L, P<0.05] was higher in UC group. In addition, more patients with UC had positive perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) [50.0%(15/30) vs 10.0%(2/20), P<0.05]. The most commonly involved regions of IC were descending colon and sigmoid colon, in which the lesions were clearly demarcated with the normal mucosa. Lesions in patients with UC mainly originated from rectum and might spread to the whole colon. Vascular occlusion and micro thrombosis were characteristic pathological findings of IC. The crypt abscesses were frequently seen in the UC group.Even though UC and IC have some similar manifestations in the elderly patients, clinical and pathological discrepancy is still helpful to differentiate each other.