Joint Evaluation of Spectral Efficiency, Energy Efficiency and Transmission Reliability in Massive MIMO Systems

The main goals planned to achieve in fifth generation (5G) networks are to increase capacity, improve data rate, decrease latency, improve energy efficiency and provide a better quality of service. To achieve these goals, massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) is considered as one of the competing technologies that provide high spectral efficiency (SE) and energy efficiency (EE). Hence, energy efficiency, spectral efficiency and transmission reliability are the main performance metrics for massive MIMO systems. Although these performance metrics are thoroughly studied independently, their joint effects are not considered and evaluated for massive MIMO systems. Hence, in this work, we investigate a mathematical model that jointly evaluates the spectral efficiency, energy efficiency and transmission reliability in downlink massive MIMO systems with linear precoding techniques. Closed-form analytical formulation is derived that jointly evaluates the impacts of spectral efficiency and transmission reliability on energy efficiency. Finally, numerical results are provided to validate the theoretical analysis.