Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adultos con síndrome de intestino irritable en un hospital de especialidades de México. Estudio transversal

2017 
espanolIntroduccion: existe evidencia del impacto negativo del sindrome de intestino irritable (SII) en la calidad de vida de los pacientes que lo padecen en comparacion con la poblacion general. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en adultos con SII en la consulta de un hospital de especialidades de Mexico. Material y metodos: se realizo un diseno transversal y se incluyeron prospectivamente pacientes consecutivos con diagnostico de SII con criterios de Roma III que acudieron a consulta externa. Se aplico el cuestionario SF-36 en espanol version estandar y sus resultados se compararon con puntuaciones referenciales poblacionales en Mexico. En el analisis estadistico se utilizo t de Student, analisis de varianza y Chi cuadrado, y se considero una significancia del 0,05%. Resultados: fueron estudiados 154 pacientes, 137 (89%) mujeres y 17 (11%) hombres; la edad media fue de 52,8 (DE 12,6) anos. Los subtipos estrenimiento, diarrea y mixto fueron 85 (55,2%), 27 (17,5%) y 42 (27,3%) pacientes respectivamente. La calidad de vida de pacientes con SII vs. puntuaciones referenciales poblacionales en Mexico fueron: subescala salud fisica 50 vs. 79 y subescala salud mental 59,1 vs. 76,7, respectivamente (p = 0,000). No existio diferencia significativa en la calidad de vida entre los subtipos de SII (p > 0,05). Conclusiones: la CVRS es menor en pacientes con SII en una poblacion al noroeste de Mexico con respecto a datos de un estudio de referencia poblacional realizado en el mismo pais, pudiendo realizar inferencia a poblacion de mujeres pero con cautela en los resultados por la muestra pequena estudiada en hombres. No existio diferencia significativa en la calidad de vida segun el subtipo clinico de SII. EnglishBackground: Evidence shows the negative impact of irritable bowel syndrome on the quality of life of patients who suffer from the condition as compared to the general population. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the health-related quality of life in adults with irritable bowel syndrome who are receiving treatment at a specialist hospital. Material and methods: The study had a cross-sectional prospective design. The study included consecutive patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome under the Rome III criteria and attending outpatient appointments. The SF-36 questionnaire was applied in its standard Spanish version and the results were compared with population reference scores in Mexico. Statistical analysis was performed with the Student’s t test, analysis of variance and the Chi-squared test, considering a significance of 0.05%. Results: One hundred and fifty-four patients were included in the study, 137 (89%) women and 17 (11%) men, with an average age of 52.8 (SD 12.6). The constipation, diarrhea and mixed subtypes comprised 85 (55.2%), 27 (17.5%) and 42 (27.3%) patients, respectively. The quality of life of patients with irritable bowel syndrome vs the population reference scores in Mexico were 50 vs 79 for the physical health sub-scale and 59.1 vs 76.7 for the mental health sub-scale, respectively (p = 0.000). No significant difference was found in quality of life among the irritable bowel syndrome subtypes (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Health-related quality of life is lower in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in a population in the North East of Mexico compared to the data taken from a population reference study undertaken in the same country, enabling an inference in the female population and a cautious one from the results found in the small male sample studied. There was no significant difference found in the quality of life according to the clinical subtype of irritable bowel syndrome.
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