Histopathological and bacteriological studies of vegetative valvular endocarditis in a dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius)

Vegetative valvular endocarditis is one of the rare primary cardiac diseases in dromedary camel. The incidence of this condition is poorly reported. The present study was described the gross and histopathological alterations in vegetative valvular endocarditis observed in a 15-year-old (Approx.) male camel during postmortem. Grossly, the heart appeared firm on palpation. When it was opened, a mild grade of left ventricular hypertrophy was observed. Irregular vegetation was presented on the left atria-ventricular valve, cause stenosis of valvular space. The vegetation was yellow-red and usually covered by a thin clot of blood. Microscopically, the affected valve was severe thickened and covered with a mixture of degenerated inflammatory cells, leucocytes, necrotic cellular debris, fibrin and bacterial colonies. Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumonia were isolated organisms from vegetative growth in present study.