Urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder related to a migrated mesh after inguinal hernioplasty: A case report

Introduction Mesh migration into the urinary bladder following repair of inguinal hernia and bladder cancer caused by a foreign body are extremely rare. We hereby report a rare case of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder related to a migrated mesh following inguinal hernioplasty. Case presentation A 70-year-old Japanese woman who underwent surgery for left inguinal hernia 5 years previously presented with gross hematuria. Cystoscopy and computed tomography revealed stone formed in the mesh migrated into the urinary bladder. Mesh removal surgery and partial cystectomy were performed; and pathological findings revealed muscle invasive bladder cancer. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical cystectomy were performed. The pathological diagnosis was high-grade urothelial carcinoma, stage pT3a with positive lymph nodes, stage pN3. To date, 3 months after surgery, the patient has received adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first report of urothelial carcinoma related to a migrated mesh after inguinal hernioplasty.