The Physical–Chemical Model of Nanoscaled Metal Component Formation on the Surface of Graphite Supporter

The generalized physical–chemical model of the process of the nanoscaled metal phase formation on the surface of graphite materials has been developed. This model allows to describing each stage of these processes under the conditions of different types of graphite materials, salt, and regimes of each stage. The analysis of each stage of the process of composition materials production through the chemical reduction of metal in the framework of the proposed models permits to select the type of the graphite supporter and salt types as well as the regimes of each stage progressing in order to obtain graphite-metal composition materials with a predetermined phase composition, structure, physical–chemical properties. The mean size of oxide particles forming at the graphite surface due to salt thermolysis has been estimated within the framework of this model. The most important factor determining salt thermolysis and characteristics of the final products is the temperature of reaction. The comparative analysis of the structure and phase composition of graphite-metal nanocomposites prepared under different temperature-temporal conditions showed the thermolysis decomposition of salt on the surface of graphite supporter being complex multistage process. The duration of each stage and characteristics of the final product are determined by the simultaneous action of series of factors: the type of graphite material, the state of its surface, the type of salt, and the thermodynamic kinetic conditions of reactions. The desirable size, homogeneity, and uniformity of distribution of the final product could be obtained by the variation of these parameters.