Mathematical modeling of carbon nanotube nanofluid behavior within mechanical system considering gradient effects

Computational theory has been developed to model the hybrid nano-powder transportation within a space under the effect of magnetic force. With combining the FEM and FVM, current numerical approach has been generated and triangular elements were utilized in grid generation. Mixture of MWCNT and iron oxide were dispersed inside the water and properties of hybrid nanomaterial were measured according to previous empirical formulas. Existence of hot wavy wall in below side makes it possible for gravity force to take part in phenomena. Space with different permeability was utilized and radiation flux impact has been added. As a result of buoyancy force, counter clock wise eddy appears inside the domain and with rise of Da it converts to two eddies. Also, augmenting Da leads to more distortions of iso-temperature and power of eddy increases about 75%. As MHD terms added in flow equations, the velocity reduces about 82.5% and 90% depending to amounts of Da. At Da = 10–2, Ha = 60, considering higher Ra causes to augment of Nu about 27.75%. Nu augments about 10.59% with increasing permeability when Ha = 0. Nu declines by 43.26% with employ of MHD when Ra and permeability have maximum levels.