Retrospective clinico-morphological and dosymetry characterisation of lung cancer patients - clean-up workers of Chernobyl NPP accident in remote postaccidental period

In the conditions of the Chornobyl NPP accident the bronchopulmonary system became one of the main “target” tissues for combined action of external exposure and, especially inhalation of the fission-fragment mixture of radionuclides including transuranium elements and “hot-particles”. Aim: to provide in remote postaccidental period a retrospective study of clinical, morphological and dosymetry characteristics of lung cancer (LC) patients – clean-up workers of ChNPP accident. Meterials, methods and results: for the study was used the data of the register of the Central Interagency Expert Commission of Ministry of Health of Ukraine for diseases causal relationship to the ChNPP accident. Main including criteria was developing of LC after 20-25 years of participation in clean-up works under conditions of radionuclides inhalation. All patients (n=78) were male in the age (53,6 ± 4,2) years when the LC was diagnosed and 71,8 % of them have smoking anamnesis more than 10 box/years. The doses of external radiation exposure were 0,1-0,7 Sv, internal (per lungs) – 150 – 1500 mSv. The meterials for morphological examinations were recived under bronchoscopy or surgical operation. Predominance of central form of LC (76,9 %) and tumours of epithelial genesis (98,7 %) were found. In the structure of epithelial tumors an adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 38,5 % of cases, planocellular cancer - 34,6 %, other epithelial (mainly the small-celled cancer) - 26,9 %. Conclusion: Clinico-morphological structure of LC in clean - up workers of ChNPP accident correspond to inhalation influence of radionuclides of reactor origin.