UDP Usage Guidelines
2017
The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) provides a minimal message-passing
transport that has no inherent congestion control mechanisms. This
document provides guidelines on the use of UDP for the designers of
applications, tunnels, and other protocols that use UDP. Congestion
control guidelines are a primary focus, but the document also provides
guidance on other topics, including message sizes, reliability,
checksums, middlebox traversal, the use of Explicit Congestion
Notification (ECN), Differentiated Services Code Points (DSCPs), and
ports. Because congestion control is critical to the stable operation
of the Internet, applications and other protocols that choose to use
UDP as an Internet transport must employ mechanisms to prevent
congestion collapse and to establish some degree of fairness with
concurrent traffic. They may also need to implement additional
mechanisms, depending on how they use UDP. Some guidance is also
applicable to the design of other protocols (e.g., protocols layered
directly on IP or via IP-based tunnels), especially when these
protocols do not themselves provide congestion control. This document
obsoletes RFC 5405 and adds guidelines for multicast UDP usage.
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