Early intervention in first episode psychosis: hope for a better future.

In the last two decades the clinical and research focus in psychotic disorders has shifted to first episode psychosis, early detection of the prodromal phase of psychosis and an effective integrated treatment model known as “Early Intervention”. The first five years of psychosis that is described as a “critical period” is the most important time for recognition and treatment. Services for Early Intervention should be easily accessible, non-threatening and non-stigmatising. Effective treatment is based on successful engagement and the development of trust between patients, their families and the mental health professionals assisting them. Psychosocial interventions have a fundamental place in early treatment. They provide a humane basis for acute and continuing care, prevention or resolution of the secondary consequences of psychosis and the promotion of recovery. Antipsychotic medication is considered effective and is recommended by evidence based research in the treatment of first episode psychosis. A program of extensive public education and specific education for teachers, general health and mental health professionals about the prodrome and nature of first episode psychosis can reduce the duration of untreated psychosis and improve treatment outcome. Countries that do not have services for Early Intervention should seriously consider implementing this model.