Self-modulated Long Proton Bunch Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration

In previous chapters, we either study the short proton bunch or the equidistant short proton bunch trains which are assumed to be obtained from longitudinal modulation of a long proton bunch. In this chapter, we focus on the long proton bunch and the seeded self-modulation which transforms the long bunch into a train of micro-bunches and enables the resonant wakefield excitation.