Increased diffusion and decreased perfusion in epiphyses of femoral heads detected via intravoxel incoherent motion after closed reduction in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip

BackgroundPatients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) may have decreased blood supply to the femoral heads. Finding a non-invasive method to evaluate whether the femoral heads in patients with DDH are ischemic is paramount for orthopedic surgeons.PurposeTo identify whether parameters reflecting perfusion and diffusion in intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) sequences can be used to assess ischemia in femoral heads in patients with DDH after closed reduction.Material and MethodsTwenty-eight patients with DDH who had undergone closed reduction were enrolled. IVIM data were acquired using a 3-T magnetic resonance scanner, regions of interest were placed on the epiphyses; ADCslow, ADCfast, f, and ADCfast×f were measured. A Mann–Whitney U test was performed to compare ADCslow, ADCfast, f, and ADCfast×f between the lesion and control sides. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated with respective cut-off values. The lesion sides were classified based on the International Hip Dysplasia I...