Assessment of ionic and anionic surfactants effect on demineralized osteochondral tissue

After demineralization the rabbit distal femoral osteochondral tissues were decellularized, separately with SDS and Triton X-100 for 24, 48 and 72 hours, at concentrations of 2%, 1% and 0.5%, respectively. The greatest DNA removal was achieved with Triton X-100 solutions. Cytotoxicity tests with CSM and chondrocytes have shown good and very good results, but a gradual decrease in cell viability related to the duration of treatment with surfactants compared to the control was registered. The same trend was observed in the cells population test after 7 days, while there was no difference at the 14th day. It was also determined that samples decellularized with SDS have a higher resistance to enzymatic degradation than the control and the decellularized tissue with Triton X-100. The swelling test and elasticity modulus measurements did not show values dependent of the surfactant nature.