Nos3−/− iPSCs model concordant signatures of in utero cardiac pathogenesis

Abstract Background Through genome-wide transcriptional comparisons, this study interrogates the capacity of in vitro differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to accurately model pathogenic signatures of developmental cardiac defects. Methods and results Herein, we studied the molecular etiology of cardiac defects in Nos3 −/− mice via transcriptional analysis of stage-matched embryonic tissues and iPSC-derived cells. In vitro comparisons of differentiated cells were calibrated to in utero benchmarks of health and disease. Integrated systems biology analysis of WT and Nos3 −/− transcriptional profiles revealed 50% concordant expression patterns between in utero embryonic tissues and ex vivo iPSC-derived cells. In particular, up-regulation of glucose metabolism (p-value = 3.95 × 10 − 12 ) and down-regulation of fatty acid metabolism (p-value = 6.71 × 10 − 12 ) highlight a bioenergetic signature of early Nos3 deficiency during cardiogenesis that can be recapitulated in iPSC-derived differentiated cells. Conclusions The in vitro concordance of early Nos3 −/− disease signatures supports the utility of iPSCs as a cellular model of developmental heart defects. Moreover, this study supports the use of iPSCs as a platform to pinpoint initial stages of congenital cardiac pathogenesis.