Significance of perfectionism in understanding different forms of insomnia
2012
Introduction. Studies consistently show a connection between perfectionism as
a multidimensional construct with various psychological and
psychopathological states and characteristics. However, studies that analyze
the connection between this concept and sleep disturbances, especially
modalities of insomnia, are rare. Objective. The aim of this study was to
examine whether dimensions of perfectionism can explain different forms of
insomnia; difficulties initiating sleep (insomnia early), difficulties during
the sleep (insomnia middle), waking in early hours of the morning (insomnia
late) and dissatisfaction with sleep quality (subjective insomnia). Methods.
The sample consisted of 254 students of the School of Medicine in Belgrade.
Predictive significance of nine perfectionism dimensions, measured by Frost’s
and Hewitt’s and Flett’s scales of multi-dimensional perfectionism, related
to four modalities of insomnia, measured by a structured questionnaire, was
analyzed by multiple linear regression method. Results. Perfectionism
dimensions are significant predictors of each of the tested forms of
insomnia. Doubt about actions significantly predicts initial insomnia; to
other-oriented perfectionism in the negative pole and socially prescribed
perfectionism underlie the difficulties during the sleep, while organization
and parental criticism underlie late insomnia. Significant predictors of
subjective insomnia are personal standards and organization and to
other-oriented perfectionism on the negative pole. Three of nine analyzed
dimensions were not confirmed as significant; concern over mistakes, parental
expectations and self-oriented perfectionism. Conclusion. Various aspects of
perfectionism can be considered as a vulnerability factor for understanding
some forms of insomnia. Out of all forms of insomnia tested, perfectionism as
the personality trait proved to be the most significant for understanding
subjective insomnia.
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