Estracheal fistula complicating primary mediastinal non-Hodgkin B lymphoma: a case report

Primary mediastinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PMNHL) is a rare cancer. Exceptionally, it can be complicated by tracheoesophageal fistula, directly connecting esophagus and trachea and secondary to esophageal tumor or chemotherapy (hence the interest of our case). We report the case of a 24-year-old Moroccan woman patient, treated for primary mediastinal broad B cell NHL revealed by dyspnea associated with dysphagia and alteration of general condition. The patient underwent chemotherapy is more likely to be associated with recurrent pulmonary infections than with cough during meals making swallowing impossible. Esophagogastroduodenal fibroscopy was performed which confirmed the diagnosis of tracheoesophageal fistula. Outcome was marked by patient ' s death despite endoscopic stent placement and a good response to chemotherapy. Early discovery of tracheoesophageal fistula in patients with PMNHL is essential because it enables the implementation of an appropriate treatment.