Timing of single daily meal influences relations among human circadian rhythms in urinary cyclic AMP and hemic glucagon, insulin and iron

Relations among circadian rhythms in serum iron, glucagon and insulin and urinary cyclic AMP excretion differ drastically when diurnally active, nocturnally resting human adults consume all daily food for one week as breakfast only and for another week as dinner only—a finding of interest to diverse fields, e.g., for optimizing certain kinds of therapy or for a better utilization of calories.