Patient-Ventilator Asynchrony

Mechanical ventilation is one of the most important life-supporting strategies for patients with critical illnesses, which aims to improve gas exchange and decrease the patient’s work of breathing and unload the respiratory muscles [1–3]. Optimal patient-ventilator interaction is essential to achieve these goals. Therefore, neuromuscular blockade was always administrated to eliminate the patient’s respiratory efforts and controlled ventilation was used in the old days. As assisted ventilatory modalities are employed and new generation ventilators are developed, neuromuscular blockade prescription is decreasing and the interaction between the patient and the ventilation attracts more attention.