Consumption of Yogurts Fortified in Vitamin D and Calcium Reduces Serum Parathyroid Hormone and Markers of Bone Resorption: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial in Institutionalized Elderly Women

Context: Nutritional prevention of bone deterioration with fortified foods seems particularly suitable in institutionalized elderly women at risk of vitamin D deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism, increased bone resorption, and osteoporotic fracture. Objective: The objective was to evaluate whether fortification of yogurts with vitamin D and calcium exerts an additional lowering effect on serum PTH and bone resorption markers as compared with isocaloric and isoprotein dairy products in elderly women. Design: A randomized double-blind controlled-trial, 56-day intervention was conducted in institutionalized women (mean age 85.5 years) consuming 2 125-g servings of either vitamin D- and calcium-fortified yogurt (FY) at supplemental levels of 10 μg/d vitamin D3 and 800 mg/d calcium or nonfortified control yogurt (CY) providing 280 mg/d calcium. Main Outcomes: The endpoints were serum changes from baseline (day 0) to day 28 and day 56 in 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25OHD), PTH, and bone resorption markers tartra...