Association of leiomyosarcoma and bladder papillomatosis

: The authors report one case of leiomyosarcoma associated with the papillomatosis of the bladder. After reviewing the literature, in which the exceptional nature of such tumoral associations is underlined, as are the infrequency and marked malignancy of leiomyosarcomas of the bladder, the authors illustrate the pathological and clinical characteristics of this neoplastic disease and discuss the pathogenic theories concerning this association.