Layer by Layer: Designing Scaffolds for Cardiovscular Tissues

In the field of cardiovascular implant technology, synthetic implants, biological grafts and biohybrids are used for valves and vascular grafts. There is a great need for vascular grafts with small inner diameters and heart valve prostheses with growing potential for children. New opportunities for the design of artificial tissue structures via ice templating and electrospinning are described. Exemplarily, developments of vascular grafts, and heart valves will be presented.