Removal of Sudan dyes from environmental waters and food samples with amine functionalized magnetic silica nanoparticles as solid-phase extraction adsorbent: Removal of Sudan dyes from environmental waters and food samples

In this research, the amine functionalized magnetic silica‐based nanocomposite as a solid‐phase extraction adsorbent coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography was applied for the preconcentration and determination of Sudan dyes in environmental waters and a food sample. The synthesized core‐shell Fe₃O₄@silica nanoparticles were functionalized with amino groups and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The experimental parameters optimized and under the best conditions, the sorbent was successfully used to extract the target analytes. The result showed that a good linearity with a r‐value of greater 0.990, and the limits of detection were from 0.082 to 0.12 µg L⁻¹. The relative recoveries obtained by analysing the spiked water samples were in the range of 90–102% and the relative standard deviations were between 0.590 and 7.94%.