Exploration of VPO₄ as a new anode material for sodium-ion batteries

Carbon-coated VPO₄ nanoparticles embedded into a porous carbon matrix were synthesized via a facile sol–gel approach and investigated as a novel polyanion anode material for sodium-ion batteries. The VPO₄@carbon anode demonstrates excellent rate capability and superior cyclic stability (245.3 mA h g⁻¹ at 1000 mA g⁻¹ after 200 cycles).