A retrospective study of chromomycosis in a tertiary care institution in South India

Background Chromomycosis is a chronic fungal infection that affects the skin and subcutaneous tissue and occurs mainly following trauma. The most frequently isolated agent is Fonsecaea pedrosoi. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the various epidemiological, clinical, mycological, and treatment aspects of chromomycosis in coastal Karnataka. Materials and methods This is a retrospective analysis of 20 patients with chromomycosis who attended the dermatology outpatient department of a tertiary care institution in coastal Karnataka, South India, from January 2005 to January 2013. Results The disease was found to be more common in male agricultural workers, especially rubber tappers. The lower limbs were more commonly affected (58%), with verrucous lesion being the most common clinical type. The most common species isolated was F. pedrosoi . Histopathological correlation was present in all cases. A good clinical response was seen in patients treated with potassium iodide who were refractory to terbinafine and fluconazole. Conclusion Chromomycosis mainly affects male agricultural workers, especially rubber tappers. Potassium iodide is an effective alternative for the treatment of chromomycosis, especially in a developing country like India.