Factors associated with changes in leisure time physical activity during early pregnancy

Abstract Objective To identify key factors involved in modifying leisure time physical activity (LTPA) during early pregnancy. Methods A prospective study was conducted of 1175 pregnant women who attended a scheduled visit at Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain, at 20–22 weeks of pregnancy. The Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to collect data regarding participation in any LTPA or physical activity performed according to society recommendations during early pregnancy and in the year before pregnancy. A polytomous regression model was used to identify factors associated with LTPA. Results Approximately 20.0% of the women did not engage in any LTPA, and 68.0% did not achieve the recommendations for exercise, either before or during pregnancy. Desirable changes related to performing any LTPA or the society recommendations for LTPA during pregnancy were associated with university level of education (aOR, 3.64 [95% CI, 1.54–8.56] and aOR, 1.75 [95% CI, 0.67–4.57], respectively) and smoking cessation at pregnancy (aOR, 2.05 [95% CI, 0.97–4.35] and aOR, 4.83 [95% CI, 1.31–17.83], respectively). Conclusion Few women achieved the minimum recommendations for exercise before or during pregnancy. Nevertheless, adoption of healthy lifestyle choices during pregnancy seemed to promote other healthy habits, such as participation in LTPA.